آلة الخراطة CNC (التحكم الرقمي بواسطة الكمبيوتر) هي نوع من أدوات التصنيع الدقيقة المستخدمة لإنشاء أجزاء أسطوانية عن طريق إزالة المواد من قطعة العمل. فيما يلي نظرة عامة على مكوناتها الرئيسية ووظائفها:
المكونات الرئيسية
1. **المغزل**: يحمل ويدور قطعة العمل.
2. **الظرف**: يمسك قطعة العمل في مكانها.
3. **برج الأدوات**: يحمل أدوات القطع المختلفة ويمكنه الدوران للتبديل بينها.
4. **المخزن**: يوفر دعمًا إضافيًا لقطعة العمل، خاصة للأجزاء الطويلة.
5. **لوحة التحكم**: الواجهة التي يبرمج فيها المشغل الآلة.
الوظائف الرئيسية
1. **الخراطة**: الوظيفة الأساسية، حيث يتم إزالة المواد لإنشاء أشكال أسطوانية.
2. **التنعيم**: قطع سطح مسطح عمودي على محور قطعة العمل.
3. **التخويش**: إنشاء الخيوط على السطح الخارجي أو الداخلي لقطعة العمل.
4. **الثقب**: إنشاء ثقوب على طول محور قطعة العمل.
المزايا
– **الدقة**: دقة عالية واتساق في الإنتاج.
– **الكفاءة**: أوقات إنتاج أسرع مقارنة بالمخارط اليدوية.
– **الأتمتة**: تقليل الحاجة للتدخل اليدوي، مما يسمح بالتشغيل المستمر.
التطبيقات
– **السيارات**: تصنيع مكونات المحركات والأعمدة وأجزاء دقيقة أخرى.
– **الفضاء**: إنتاج مكونات عالية الدقة مثل شفرات التوربينات وأجزاء معدات الهبوط.
– **الطبية**: إنشاء الأدوات الجراحية والغرسات.
آلات الخراطة CNC ضرورية في التصنيع الحديث لقدرتها على إنتاج مكونات عالية الجودة والدقة بكفاءة.
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A CNC lathe is a completely automated machine that may carry out exact turning and drilling operations. Initiated with a preform or an acceptable
materials clean, it employs G-code programming designed for subtractive manufacturing (reducing). Automated (CNC) lathes enhance output and produce extra correct elements than guide machines by permitting operators to focus on different duties whereas the machine operates.
How Does a CNC Lathe Machine Work?
A CNC lathe operates by deciphering G-code, a conversion of CAD design code. Precisely producing high-precision objects with fast processing durations (as soon as arrange), the G-code file automates manufacturing complicated elements. Earlier than making extra elements, the preliminary element’s accuracy be have verified in opposition to a drawing.
The headstock motor is a synchronous, single-phase, or three-phase system with a variable frequency transmission. Typically, stepper motors energy the remaining axes, enabling open-loop management. Following its programming, a CNC lathe is a flexible machine able to performing exact and repetitive operations. Two elements constructed utilizing the equivalent code must be indiscernible.
Sorts of CNC Lathes Machine
Sorts of CNC lathes are distinguished by the variety of axes they’ve. Variable coordinates are supplied, serving to the fabrication of extra intricate elements. It requires no guide instruments or machine altering. The assorted axes affect the method, rotation, and positioning of the machined object or the device all through the machining process. Choose one to your required software.
4-Axis CNC Lathe
The addition of a Y-axis to a 4-axis machine permits off-center machining operations. The fourth axis is efficient when lathering complicated and irregular objects.
3-Axis CNC Lathe
Including a C-axis and power system to a 3-axis CNC lathe lets the element be positioned to assist customary milling. It’s a tedious and tapping operation. The workpiece can bear helical milling operations that entail a gradual synchronized rotation.
2-Axis CNC Lathe
The outer diameter/internal diameter, cylindrical machining, and going through operations, which contain piercing and tapping on the heart of the half, are all capabilities of this basic CNC lathe machine with two linear axes. It’s x- and z-axis, and milling just isn’t permitted.
5-Axis CNC Lathe
A 2-axis CNC lathe might be upgraded with a second turret to supply 5-axis lathes. The rotating spindle would have a C-axis and two axes within the higher and decrease turrets. This allows the simultaneous use of two instruments on the half. It considerably accelerates the machining course of.
Purposes of CNC lathes
As a CNC lathe operates, the fabric is sheared away. A accomplished product or intricate element is the outcome. Quite a few industries, together with automotive, electronics, aerospace, firearm manufacturing, and sports activities, use these units as a result of their excessive versatility.
Within the case of ornate lathes, a CNC lathe is able to producing intricate three-dimensional objects along with screw connections and flat surfaces. They are often utilized to each minute and sizable elements with distinctive precision. Though one or two facilities are generally used to safe the workpiece, collets or clamps may additionally be employed to lock the fabric.
What Is the Greatest Improve for CNC Lathe Machine Components?
The optimum improve for CNC lathe machine elements is user-specific. Varied potential enhancements could also be contemplated. It relies upon upon the caliber of the lathe machine elements. Such examples embody:
Enhanced tooling:
Drills, superior-quality cutters, reamers, and borers impression half high quality and throughput. Usually, units with carbide ideas produce superior outcomes. Nevertheless, it wants applicable dealing with precautions.
Enhanced controller:
Stronger controller {hardware} may end up in enhanced program modification and performance. {Hardware} from non-specialized distributors and your machine’s producer could also be of help.
Pneumatic or hydraulic chucks:
These are accessible for almost all of machine codecs. These have the potential to lower the load and discharge period of the machine. Valder and different suppliers of a superior caliber are extremely really useful.
Enhancement of coolant provide:
Coolant is crucial to high-quality metal-cutting operations, even for some plastics. Many entry-level units have restricted (or no) automated coolant software functionality. Efficient flood coolant techniques can be found from producers akin to Grainger and others.
Full enclosure:
A silencer hood might improve the setting surrounding the machine. Defending staff in opposition to hurt mitigates coolant loss.
Abstract
This text described CNC lathe machines working of their sorts and functions. If you wish to be taught extra, contact us. Learn More
